Police Officers And The Criminal Justice System - 1923 Words

For my practicum, the agency I am involved with is the East Pikeland Township Police Department. This police department serves the Kimberton area which is adjacent to Phoenixville. Police officers have a variety of responsibilities to maintain while on duty. Their primary responsibility is to maintain peace and order within the community they are serving (DeLisi, 2010). With the important responsibilities that a police department possesses, it plays a vital role in the criminal justice system. Many people do not see the extent of what police officers do for their community. The media has a way of distorting the views people have. News channels and various television shows only broadcast what will get the attention of as many people as possible. Getting the attention of millions of people is sometimes easier by showing the negative situations. If the media started showing more of the positive situations that police officers were involved in, many people would start to see that police officers should be looked up to instead of feared. A police departments role for the community and the criminal justice system is skewed. A police departments role in the criminal justice system is providing public safety. One of the major duties a police department performs for the criminal justice system is law enforcement. Police officers contain the ability to arrest and detain violators of the law. This power is used to keep the community safe in contrast to what the media displays toShow MoreRelatedPolice Officer And The Criminal Justice System Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesWhen you hear the words ‘police officer’, what is the first thing that comes to mind? The people that protect us from the bad guys, right? Well, that might be the stereotypical answer, but is that really what we all think? Most would agree that in today s society, the words do not have the same positive correlation anymore. It is actually almost the complete opposite. Police officers and othe rs in the criminal justice system have created a poor reputation for themselves from the actions they haveRead MorePolice Officers And The Criminal Justice System1506 Words   |  7 PagesIt seems as if all you hear in the news today is tragic deaths involving unarmed black men and white â€Å"trigger-happy† police officers. But is that really the case? Is this a race thing? The media has hand-picked the leading stories to share with you. We often ask ourselves, â€Å"were these shootings justified?† But during this time of heightened concern all around the world about policing, a more essential question might be â€Å"Were we justified in sending them?† We can sit here and over analyze multipleRead MorePolice Discrimination And Disregard For The Criminal Justice System Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesI believe that police discrimination and disregard for the Criminal Justice System is on the rise due to the fact the crime is on the rise and people wish to have an excuse to get away with it. One of the biggest cases of discrimination in the United States of America is discrimination against our police officers and our Criminal Justice System. In this paper, I hope to refute accusations against our officers and the criminal justice system and to call people to have a greater appreciation and supportiveRead MoreThe Concepts Of A New Criminal Justice System1695 Words   |  7 Pagesexamine the concepts of a new criminal justice. It will also discuss why the concept requires the involvement of the entire community and why it may be difficult to implement. There will also be information on programs that promote safe neighborhoods and why communities may like and dislike these different programs. A new criminal justice is a theory that has been talked about for plenty of years now. In many cases this theory is to improve the criminal justice system and make it better for not onlyRead MorePolicing1068 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Perla M. Flores CJA/484 Criminal Justice Administration Capstone March 10, 2014 Fran Hart Ethics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Ethics in criminal justice administration is a very important aspect because professionals within the criminal justice system make important decisions every day that involves critical thinking, and the choices they make will have an impact in society;Read MoreDefinition Of The Criminal Justice System901 Words   |  4 Pagesdefinition of the criminal justice system according to Oxford Dictionaries is, â€Å"The system of law enforcement that is directly involved in apprehending, prosecuting, defending, sentencing, and punishing those who are suspected or convicted of criminal offenses.† The criminal justice system is very important in America. It means a lot to the people to know that justice will be served when due. Some people disagree with the criminal justice system, and believe that people are not served justice. There areRead MoreCrime And Crime : The Criminal Justice System Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagesof criminal activity, legal processes of the criminal just ice system, and how criminal offenders are processed. Canada’s criminal justice system comprises and constitutes various stages and components. The criminal justice system is a significant tool and entity in the proper and effective justifiable administration of justice. Also, the criminal justice system aims to adhere to different goals, principles, and provisions central to administration of justice and legal processes. The criminal justiceRead MoreCriminal Justice1385 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Criminal justice Criminal Justice Trends Criminal justice field is growing every day. It grows with the help of technology and society. When the technology evolves and society grows the criminal justice has to evolve and grow to fit the society needs. Whether it is an easy or hard change the criminal justice system never fails us. With any state the criminal justice system is to protect and serve the community so the more it evolves the more the system has to. The followingRead MoreWhy Ut Nor Atm Would Slingshot Me Into A Career Of Law Enforcement1532 Words   |  7 Pagesavailable to a senior majoring in Criminal Justice who plans to pursue a career in law enforcement. Students must maintain a grade point average of 3.0, there is also the James C. Boswell Scholarship: it may be granted for the fall and spring semesters to deserving undergraduate students in the College of Criminal Justice at Sam Houston State University who have demonstrated financial need and who are seeking to pursue a degree in law enforcement or affil iated Criminal Justice disciplines. Students mustRead MorePolice Brutality Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesPolice brutality is one of multiple forms of racial discrimination which involves unjustifiable violence by police officers. This term was first referred to in the works of the American press as early as 1872 in a report of a policeman beating of a civilian. These targeted civilian groups by police officers typically are those from powerless groups like minorities (Latinos and African-Americans), the youth, as well as the poor. There has been a notable lack of commitment in the criminal justice system

Sam Harris Thesis Review Free Essays

â€Å"Morality and values depend on the existence of conscious minds—and specifically on the fact that such minds can experience various forms of well-being and suffering in this universe. Conscious minds and their states are natural phenomena, of course, fully constrained by the laws of Nature (whatever these turn out to be in the end). Therefore, there must be right and wrong answers to questions of morality and values that potentially fall within the purview of science. We will write a custom essay sample on Sam Harris Thesis Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now On this view, some people and cultures will be right (to a greater or lesser degree), and some will be wrong, with respect to what they deem important in life. (Harris, 2011) This is Sam Harris’s thesis in his book The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values. This proposition purports science can answer questions about morality. Science is about empirical evidence not social norms or accepted moral standards (morality). His stance on morality is centered on naturalistic fallacy. It is the thought that morality is the result of evolution and social conditioning. (Craig 2012) The laws of nature do not determine right or wrong behavior with relativity to the conscious mind. We as humans do not become more moral as we evolve. As situations around us change our morals change based on what’s more beneficial to us. â€Å"We are selfish to one degree or another; we lack complete information about the consequences of our actions; and even where we possess such information, our interests and preferences often lead us to ignore it. † Harris states. (Harris, 2011) However, his thesis contradicts this statement. I agree with many other critics of Harris† regarding his idea of well being. He does not define well being or what justifies it. If well being is a part of the science of morality what can increase or decrease well being? How can well being be the foundation for morality? I do agree with him that our minds can experience much suffering. However, the measure of suffering is not a science. The laws of nature do not determine if our response to unpleasant situations or suffering is right or wrong as he suggests. Philosophers believe morality comes from the soul. Scientist believe morality comes from certain areas of the brain. There are many tests out to study brain functions. These tests display activities in certain areas of the brain that respond to an emotional stimulus. Although scientist continues to research this issue, no network of nerves has been found to determine the process of moral cognition. (Young Dungan, 2011) Science does not tell us how to live or explain the differences between right and wrong. Morality is based on a school of thought. Morality does not appear in any type of science. Our morals change as our culture change. Right and wrong is determined in the court of public opinion. How to cite Sam Harris Thesis Review, Papers

Organization Development and Change- Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Would workers in Australia, America or Europe accept the Taylorism in this form today? 2.Consider the design of scripts for use in Call Centres, can you see Taylorism in that? Explain. 3.This clip is showing history from 100 years ago. Some would say that the world has moved on and these ideas are out of date. However, could there be parts of the world today for which these ideas might be just what they need? Explain. 4.How would you describe Toyota's Culture using the sevendimensions of Organisational Culture and/ or the Cultural Web? Answers: Ford and Taylorism Henry ford in the year 1908 established a motor car company so that it could provide the customers a cheap and simple car to travel in. he adopted the principles of Taylor so that the workers can be managed in an efficient manner so that the production of the cars in a cheaper way and supplied at a cheaper rate to the customers. The video gives a proper idea on the principles established by Taylor that the work of the employees can be increased if they are assigned a particular task according to their capability and strength. This introduction of the assembly line will help the workers in transporting the bodies of the car in an easy manner, which will provide the other workers in the line to be ready with its products. This will help in consuming lesser amount of time, as the time will get reduced for assembling a single car. This will further result in producing more number of cars, which will help the company in achieving better profits (Vidal 2015). The employees who have gathered experience in this field will be retained within the organization by attractive packages so that the employees can be motivated within the work place. This will result in better productivity of the organization and the employees will be committed towards the goals and objectives of the company. Another significant portion in the video was the lack of trade union, which often hampers the line of production. Due to the discipline that was maintained within the production line, the employees did not found any encouragement in forming the trade unions. This further resulted in the lack of job security for the employees, as those with low rate of productivity were made to quit from the organization (Waring 2016). 1.In the modern era, it can be seen that the workers who are based in Australia, Europe or America will not be accepting the truest form of Taylorism that was in operation during the previous period. The changes in times have led to the development of the technology, which has further led to automation in the production process. Therefore, the use of old methods will not be acceptable by the workers. The theory needs to be modified based on the basic foundation, which will help the workers in the modern world to be more efficient and productive within the work place (Witzel and Warner 2015). 2.The theory that has been suggested by Taylor can be applied in the call centres to some extent and not the entire theory as a whole. The operations that take place within the call centre have been divided in to various sectors, which specialize in its functions. The expertise of the employees help in dividing the work within the call centre and the jobs are assigned by studying the capability of the employees within the work place (Sinha and Gabriel 2016). 3.There are many industries that are present across the globe, which may require the application of the insights that has been mentioned in the video. The scientific management is the basic theory that has been identified by Taylor in the previous century, although this theory has an effect that can be felt in the modern times as well. The principles with respect to the division of work and the employees who work hard needs to be rewarded along with the implication of the production techniques that are simple in nature are some of the golden rules for starting up a new business venture. The use of the principles in an effective manner can help in guaranteeing success to the business enterprises (Witzel and Warner 2015). Toyotas corporate culture and the problem of spreading its culture The Toyota Company is one of the best companies in the world with respect to its line of production. The company does not follow a stereotypical approach within its production unlike the other motor companies and the management keeps on constantly changing its principles. It has adopted an innovative style approach, which has led to innovation within its organizational culture. The employees receive motivation in coming up with better insights if any problems are identified within the organization. This helps the company in gaining a competitive advantage over the rival motor company (Cummings and Worley 2014). The company has shown humility in all the stages, as it can be seen that the employees who are working in various levels are important for the success and the growth of the company. the management has also taken the initiative of driving the cars themselves before launching it in the market shows that they are committed to deliver the best products to the customers. The company has also managed to seize the opportunity by recalling a large amount of vehicles in the United States. This helps in demonstrating the fact that they are committed towards excellence and sell the products at a right price to the customers. The management considers the challenges as opportunities, which helps them in diminishing the level of competition in the market (Deresky 2017). The employees of the company are made to undergo training so that their skills can be developed in a better manner, which will help the company in developing the products at a faster rate. It also helps the employees in innovating the products on a constant manner, which helps them in aligning themselves with the mission statement and values of the company. 4.The culture within the organization has a shared perception between the employees and the management and can be understood through the 7 dimensions that are present in the culture of organization. They are as follows: Risk takers and innovation- The Company is innovative in its production line and constantly encourages innovation among the employees at every stage of the design process. This has led to the decision of calling back more than 8 million vehicles, which had a faulty acceleration (Henson 2016). Detailed attention- The employees of the company pay lot of attention to the details of the vehicles and are disciplined in their action while carrying out their responsibilities. This has made the company to meet its organizational culture in an efficient manner. Oriented towards results- The primary aim of the company is to deliver premium products to its customers and shows no hesitation when recalling the products fromn the market if the required standards are not met in a proper manner (Mann 2014). Oriented towards people- The Company is keen on giving priority to its employees. This helps them in showing a humble approach towards the employees so that the success their success can be shared with the employees as well. Team work- The employees of the company are provided better facilities so that they work in collaboration. This helps the company in producing more number of vehicles and efficiently communicating with the employees across the different levels (Henson 2016). Aggressive- The Company shows aggression towards the products that are being delivered by them, which helps them in maintaining a better position in the market than its competitors and the employees of the company can aim for higher results within the organization. Stability- The Company is stable enough with respect to the investment of capital, which can be seen after it recalled its vehicles due to a fault in their production activities. This shows that the company can make better strategic decisions that would help in ensuring that the stability of the firm can be restored again in the market (Mann 2014). Reference List Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Deresky, H., 2017.International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Henson, R., 2016. Building an Organizational Global Mindset Culture: Implications for Practice. InSuccessful Global Leadership(pp. 261-283). Palgrave Macmillan US. Mann, D., 2014.Creating a lean culture: tools to sustain lean conversions. CRC Press. Sinha, S. and Gabriel, Y., 2016. 5 Call Centre Work: Taylorism with a Facelift.Re-Tayloring Management: Scientific Management a Century On, p.87. Vidal, M., 2015. Fordism and the Golden Age of Atlantic Capitalism.The SAGE Handbook of the Sociology of Work and Employment, p.283. Waring, S.P., 2016.Taylorism transformed: Scientific management theory since 1945. UNC Press Books. Witzel, M. and Warner, M., 2015. Taylorism revisited: culture, management theory and paradigm-shift.Journal of General Management,40(3), pp.55-70.

Europe Straining Under a Pension System Burden

Introduction Globally, workforce management is becoming a challenge with time owing to the increasing burden of pension systems. Different countries across the world have devised diverse pension systems, which are unique to their needs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Europe Straining Under a Pension System Burden specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, in Europe, the pension system has become an economic liability because people retire at an early age of 55 or 65 when they are still productive. Moreover, the aging population of Europe has led to a decline in gross domestic product. Vance and Paik describe the pension system of Europe as a burden because it is economically unsustainable (352). Factors that make the pension system burdensome to the government include the declining value of pension schemes in stock markets owing to intermittent financial crises, loss of workforce through aging population and early retirement, and increased spending on pension systems. Therefore, this essay explains how companies can adjust the mix of retirement benefits, recommends possible incentives that could reverse the trend of a burdening compensation system, and eventually examines implications for human resource planning. Adjustment of Compensation Packages To fit the current needs of compensation packages in Western Europe, companies should adjust benefits according to the amount of earnings, the number of credits earned, and the age of retirement. The benefits should be commensurate with one’s earnings to prevent retirees from earning more than what they contributed to the social security, as in the case of the compensation benefits in the United States.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The adjustment of benefits according to earnings is appropriate because it would relieve Weste rn Europe of the pension system burden, which is increasing with time. According to Social Security Administration, employees should earn at least 40 credits, which is equivalent to at least 10 years of work to become eligible for retirement benefits (4). The adjustment of benefits according to the credits earned or the number of years worked fits the compensation needs of Western Europe because employees are yearning to reach retirement age in spite of their retirement savings. The most crucial adjustment of benefits is increasing the age of retirement and changing benefits system. In the United States, the early eligibility age for retirement is 62, wherein employees can claim retirement benefits early at the age of 62 or delay until full retirement age of 67 (Knoll and Olsen 22). The amount of retirement benefits claimed progressively increases from the early eligibility age of 62 to full retirement age of 67. Hence, increasing the retirement age in Western Europe and distributin g the retirement benefits according to the time of a claim would significantly discourage the culture of early retirement among Europeans. Compensation Package Incentives The possible compensation package incentives, which would reverse the trend of early retirement, change the cultural expectation that is in Western Europe, and promote retention of employees, are the provision of monthly bonus, allowance of flexible working schedules, provision of long-term care insurance, and increment of retirement benefits.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Europe Straining Under a Pension System Burden specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition to earnings, potential retirees require monthly bonus as incentives for the period that they work after reaching their eligible retirement age. Given that potential retirees are productive, the provision of flexible working schedules as benefits would encourage them to continue worki ng despite reaching their retirement age. Additional benefits such as long-term care insurance would entice employees not to retire early lest they lose the benefits. The increment of retirement benefits according to retirement age is an effective compensation package incentive. Knoll and Olsen argue that the increment of retirement benefits delays claiming and discourages early retirement (21). In this case, employees in Europe would change their cultural expectation of retiring at the age of 60 because they will earn minimal retirement benefits. Implications for Human Resource Planning The loss of experienced employees at the age of 60 when they are still productive is a great loss to organizations, companies, and governments. Given that it is expensive to recruit, train, and retain employees, early retirement of employees causes a great loss of human resources. To avert the loss of human resources through early retirement, long-term human resource planning is essential. In essenc e, the human resource management should recruit, train, and retain the young employees, but not the old employees, because they have many years to make immense contributions before they reach their retirement age. Moreover, early retirement can discourage employees from working in Europe and cause brain drain. Employees can migrate to countries with a higher retirement age and better employment benefits than European countries. Conclusion The increasing burden of the pension system in Europe is becoming an economic liability because it is unsustainable. Reforms are necessary to adjust compensation benefits to be in line with those of the United States.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Adjustment of the compensation benefits to reflect the amount of earnings, the number of credits earned, and the age of retirement fits the needs of Western Europe. To discourage early retirement, change cultural expectations, and improve the retention of employees, the provision of monthly bonus, flexible working schedules, long-term care insurance, and better retirement benefits are the possible incentives. Overall, the implication of this case for long-term human resource planning is that it promotes recruitment, training, and retention of young employees and prevents brain drain in Europe. Works Cited Knoll, Melissa, and Anya Olsen. â€Å"Incentivizing delayed claiming of social security  benefit before reaching the full retirement age.† Social Security Bulletin 74.4 (2014): 21-43. Print. Social Security Administration. Retirement benefits. 2015. Web. https://www.ssa.gov/pubs/EN-05-10035.pdf Vance, Charles, and Yongsun Paik. Managing a Global Workforce: Challenges and  Opportunities in International Human Resource Management. New York: Routledge, 2014. Print. This essay on Europe Straining Under a Pension System Burden was written and submitted by user Brady Morton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Legalization of Same-Sex Marriage Debate

Legalization of Same-Sex Marriage Debate Free Online Research Papers Gay pride! It is a statement that brings forth a very touchy argument in politics today. Of the many current issues in American politics today, one that seems to stay at the top of the list is the issue of same-sex marriage. Should same-sex marriages be legalized in the United States? Some say no, because it goes against tradition, religion, and much more, while others, gays and straights alike, believe yes, because it will bring equality to all. The answer to this question, however, if this country were to follow the ideals of those who walked before, should be â€Å"no.† It seems that as time goes on, however, Americans tend to drift farther and farther away from the ideals and morals that were held by its forefathers. Same-sex marriage should not be made legal because of what it stands for sin an immorality, goes against the Christian religion and the traditional marriage, and may lead to the acceptance of a lifestyle that is not culturally normal. The first British colonists who settled in America were Protestants and Puritans who were searching for religious freedom from the Church of England. It should be no surprise then, that the United States Constitution was put in place to protect this religious freedom. If the Constitution was set in place to protect all religions, why then would America try to pass a law that goes against at least one religion: Christianity? In the Christian religion, homosexuality is viewed as evil and sinful. The Bible says in I Corinthians 6:9-10, â€Å"Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral nor idolaters nor adulterers nor male prostitutes nor homosexual offenders nor thieves nor the greedy nor drunkards nor slanderers nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God (The Bible, 1st Corinthians 6:9-10).† This nation is supposed to be â€Å"One nation, under God† but yet it seems some are fighting for a cause that goes completely against God and the Christian religion. The legalization of same-sex marriage will cause homosexuals to go further into the sinful lifestyle in which they already participate in. It will give gays an â€Å"incentive for them to remain trapped in a lie† (Rios par. 8). America must treat homosexuals with love and compassion in order to help them to overcome the gripping temptations of homosexuality. â€Å"Treat others as you wish to be treated.† This is the â€Å"golden rule† in which American children are taught in schools and churches. This pertains to the treatment of homosexuals as well. Without love and compassion, homosexuals will be unwilling to change their sinful ways. In the Declaration of Independence, it is stated that all people are created equal and have the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. In other words, everyone is free to live their life as they choose and desire, including homosexuals, however, â€Å"by insisting that the law create a counterfeit version of marriage, [homosexuals] are looking to use government power to force [their lifestyle] on everyone† (Rios par. 9). The media is one of the leading tools in the fight for the legalization of same-sex marriage. Dr. Mark Hartman states in his sermon, The Truth about Homosexuality, â€Å"The media has become obsessed with pushing the homosexual lifestyle to the front and center of our culture.† Television shows and movies are starting to contain homosexuality more and more. And, â€Å"In every case, the homosexual is depicted in a positive light, and anyone who disagrees with that lifestyle is depicted in a negative light† (Hartman 1). An example of this is the television show, Will and Grace. In this series, a gay man and a straight woman live together in perfect harmony. It portrays Will as a normal American citizen with a high-end job (lawyer). The only catch is that he is gay. America is able to sympathize and accept his lifestyle because he’s funny and charming. As far as Americans are concerned, he is just another human being. Media propaganda is being used as an effective tool to brainwash the public in sympathizing with and accepting homosexuality. The media is using a tactic of normality; the more America sees this â€Å"acceptable† view of homosexuality, the easier it is to accept it. This propaganda technique is being used so effectively with one sided figures that Americans fail to see the dark side of this lifestyle because it is practically nonexistent in the mainstream of media. Americans are not shown the gross, immoral sexual lives homosexuals actually live. We do not see the many diseases that transmitted by participation in such a lifestyle. Diseases such as AIDS, Herpes, Hepatitis, and many, many more are very common in the gay community. In 2004, an estimated 415,193 people were living with AIDS in the United States. Of that number, 77% were male and of that percentage, 58% were men who had sex with other men (Noble 1). Although mainstream media portrays homosexuals as all being talented, creative, smart, cute, sweet, and funny, this is not how all actually are. Not all gays dress and act as they are portrayed on television. In fact, gays are pretty, ugly, smart, unintelligent, well dressed, ill dressed, nice, rude, funny, unfunny, and hold jobs from high-end executives to auto shop mechanics. They are just like every other American in most aspects except for their sexual preference. Some homosexuals have kept their homosexuality hidden so well, not even their family and friends are aware of it. Another factor in the wide acceptance of the homosexual lifestyle is the mistaken belief that sexual orientation is determined at birth. In other words, people are born either homosexual or heterosexual, it is not a choice. Researchers said that they had found a gene pattern linked to male homosexuality in July of 1993. Principle Researcher, Dean Hamer, a homosexual himself as well as a homosexual political activist, stated, â€Å"This study shows that sexual orientation is powerfully influenced by inherited genes. This is the strongest evidence to date that there is an important genetic component to sexual orientation† (Hartman 3). Hamer’s article was given to the media who immediately provided quick and widespread coverage. Three years later, in 1996, Hamer’s co-author stated that Hamer â€Å"had selectively reported his data in ways that changed the conclusions of the study.† And later it was â€Å"admitted that no genetic link to homosexuality has been found after all† (Hartman 4). Many people have not heard this new news, however, because it was not as widely covered by the media as was the original statement that people are born homosexual. Gays wish to have legal same-sex marriage for more reasons than just having the intangible benefits of enjoying the official title and the social privilege. There are many legal privileges and tangible benefits that come with marriage which gays are unable to receive due to the Defense of Marriage Act, which was passed in 1996 (Wolfson 4). In this act, â€Å"the government catalogued more than 1,049 ways in which married people are accorded special status under law†¦that makes more than 1,049 ways in which lesbian and gay couples are ripped off† (Wolfson 4). In other words, without a marriage license, same-sex couples are denied many of the benefits that normal couples take for granted. Benefits such as: social security, retirement, health care, and child custody. â€Å"A surviving civil union partner can be denied about $10,000 a year in federal Social Security benefits† (Sauer 9). Next to the benefits derived from marriage, gays wish to gain the public titl e of marriage for personal reasons as well. Marriage†¦is a social statement, describing and defining one’s relationships and place in society. It is also a personal statement of commitment that receives public support and†¦has spiritual†¦ and familial significance (Wolfson 4). Gays want legal marriage in order to make their love public. Marriage is the way straight people talk of love and family (Wolfson 4). Gays want marriage for the same reason that straight people want to get married: for love and for commitment. The legalization of gay marriage can harm the traditional version of marriage. Same-sex marriage will cheapen the real thing by causing marriage itself to lose support in the law and culture (Rios par. 2). Marriage has already been weakened by the legalization of divorce. Marriage has been historically defined as a contractual unit binding a couple in a lifelong relationship of love, service, and devotion (Kohm 82). If same-sex marriages are made legal, the ethical views toward homosexuality will be weakened even further. It will cancel the traditional view of marriage as being a binding union between two people in which â€Å"each must be of a different sex from the other, one male and one female† (Kohm 83). Same-sex marriage will also destroy the normal family settings by creating motherless and fatherless households. â€Å"Studies have shown that children raised in married households have the best chance for health and happiness† (Rios par. 6). By legalizing same-sex marriage, America will unwillingly teach future generations that sexual immorality and impurity is acceptable and normal. By legalizing same-sex marriages, children will be taught, in schools, that homosexuality is normal and healthy, and may be placed in homosexual households (Rios par. 5). Society defines for its young what is normal and what is not (Gallagher 18). If children see same-sex couples, they will view that as a normal and acceptable lifestyle of relationships. Marriage is the â€Å"social and legal prominence [which] informs young lovers about the end toward which they aspire, the outward meaning of their most urgent, personal impulses† (Gallagher 19). It is almost as if Americans are becoming too lazy or scared to stick up for their beliefs so instead they are simply accepting the immorality so that they can just go on with their daily lives. It seems that America has taken on the new belief system of, â€Å"if it makes them happy and does not directly affect me, it is ok and I will vote in favor of it.† On the flipside, however, it seems that Americans may be getting off of their couches in order to make their opinions heard. In 2000, 61% of Californians voted against same-sex marriage (Rios par. 10) and recent polls have shown that â€Å"Americans are beginning to wake up and realize that what they thought was a campaign of tolerance toward homosexuals is, in reality, a concerted effort to force them through government, media and corporate power to celebrate homosexuality† (Rios par. 11). When asked if same-sex marriage should be made legal in the United States 61% adults under the age of 30 said yes and 35% s aid no; among adults 65 and older, 18% said yes and 73% said no (Hertzberg par. 6). This shows how Americans really feel about the issue of same-sex marriage: for the most part they disagree. It seems that America may be realizing that the legalization of same-sex marriage is not the answer. The reasons against the legalization of same-sex marriage far outweigh the reasons for it. The legalization of same-sex marriage may bring equality to the homosexual division in a country that has always been more kind to the heterosexual front, but it will forever change the morals and ideals that this country has fought to protect. It does seem, however, that this argument may be coming to a decisive end. Hopefully, America is coming to its senses to put a stop to this argument, and to say â€Å"no† to the legalization of same-sex marriage. Same-sex marriages can not be made legal because it stands for immorality and sin, will lead to the destruction of the traditional institution of marriage, goes against the Christian religion, and will cause the American society to overtime accept the immorality of homosexuality as normal and just. Bible, New International Version, The. 1973. Colorado Springs, CO: International Bible Society, 1984. International Bible Society. 2005. 17 Oct 2005. . Gallagher, Maggie. Normal Marriage: Two Views. Marriage and Same-Sex Unions: A Debate. By Lynn D. Wardle, et al. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003. 13-21. NetLibrary. 2005. OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. 14 Oct 2005 . Hartman, Mark. The Truth About Homosexuality. Sugar Creek Baptist Church. Worship Center, Sugar Land, TX. 30 June 2005. Hertzberg, Hendrick. Comment: Wedding Blitz. New Yorker 15 Mar 2004: 80.4: 61-62. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Blinn College. 23 Oct 2005 . Kohm, Lynne Marie. Marriage by Design. Marriage and Same-Sex Unions: A Debate. By Lynn D. Wardle, et al. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003. 81-85. NetLibrary. 2005. OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. 14 Oct 2005 . Noble, Rob. United States HIV AIDS Statistics Summary. AVERT.org. 23 Nov. 2005. AVERT. 26 Nov. 2005 . Rios, Sandy. How Does Gay Marriage Hurt the Traditional Thing? Lets Count the Ways. Hispanic Mar 2004: 17.3: 70. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Blinn College. 23 Oct 2005 . Sauer, Rachel. MarriedBut Not. Palm Beach Post 7 Mar 2004: 1D+. SIRS Researcher. Proquest. Blinn College. 23 Oct 2005 . Wolfson, Evan. All Together Now. Marriage and Same-Sex Unions: A Debate. By Lynn D. Wardle, et al. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003. 3-5. NetLibrary. 2005. OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. 14 Oct 2005 . Research Papers on Legalization of Same-Sex Marriage DebateComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeCapital PunishmentQuebec and CanadaHip-Hop is ArtBringing Democracy to AfricaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Knowledge Management business and economy Essay

Knowledge Management business and economy - Essay Example Users can view information in a context they understand, providing a more efficient and intuitive way to communicate. To achieve this kind of enterprise-wide information integration, companies need to describe and share, in a common way, the data in their disparate data sources. This should include the business description associated with the information asset, as well as location, connection details, data type details, and the information's relationship with other resources. Sharing this information leads to an increased visibility of information across an enterprise, shorter development times, and reduced operational costs as the organization can discover and eliminate redundant information sources. The author explored in this paper how metadata repositories and data mining are used in knowledge management and how Metadata and Data Mining Management streamline the application development process by reducing the development, deployment, and maintenance costs. This is made possible by the use of Metadata Repositories and Data Mining for logical, physical, and process aspects of the application environment, when tracking versions of the code and documenting all aspects of the application development life cycle. According to Brackett (2000), by providing a complete, integrated view of the development environment, Metadata helps identify redundant processes and applications, thereby reducing duplicated efforts. Developers can share and reuse existing objects such as data structures, programs, model definitions, and more. In addition, enterprise impact analysis greatly reduces the analysis and maintenance phase of the development life cycle. In his paper, English (1999), stressed that "to achieve enterprise-wide information integration, companies need to describe and share, in a common way, the data in their different data sources. This should include the business description associated with the information asset, as well as its location, connection details, data type details, and the information's relationship with other resources. Sharing this information leads to an increased visibility across an enterprise, shorter development times, reduced operational costs as redundant information sources are identified and eliminated, and improved data quality as organizations begin to reuse approved information. The best way to manage and share this information is through a centralized Enterprise Repository that drives the connections between data, process, and applications, enforces standards, and is available to all employees". The need for a Metadata Repository is recognized when the number of applications in an organization increases and the time to design these applications decreases. However, most often they focus primarily on implementing a tool and neglect the Metadata Management aspect. This results in a Repository that is easily accessible, but not often used because the information lacks

Frank Lyod Wright and Louis Sullivan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Frank Lyod Wright and Louis Sullivan - Essay Example Louis Sullivan, one of the great architects of the last half of the 19th century, was a brilliant artist with both practical office experience and a year at the famed cole des Beaux-Arts in Paris before entering a partnership with Dankmar Adler in 1879. Credited with being the first to give an appropriate form to the steel skyscraper, he was a precursor of American modernism and managed to produce the only forward-looking design of the 1893 World's Colombian Exposition in Chicago.1 Unfortunately and unfairly, this designer of dozens of lauded buildings, who helped reshape the manner of building structure and aesthetics, is primarily known today for one thing-his role as Frank Lloyd Wright's Sullivan's famous motto of "form follows function" influenced Wright immensely and was a major reason why Wright considered Sullivan his only influence. That the relationship was mutual is demonstrated by the events of 1889. In that year Wright married Catherine Lee Clark Tobin, and Sullivan loaned him the enormous sum of $5,000 to buy property in Oak Park, Illinois and build a house.4 His willingness to help Wright illustrates the mutual respect between the employer and employee at this time. Although one of his early works, the Frank Lloyd Wright Home and Studio in Oak Park can be considered a workshop, used by the architect to begin developing some intriguing concepts. The initial construction phase of 1889 "exhibits features that portend the mature Wright's philosophy of architecture: the emphasis on pure geometric forms, the broad, sheltering roof, the use of natural materials and the unity of building and site".5 These features blurred the distinctions between inside and outside, and marked a growing integration of landscape and construction. In addition, the interior was focused around the fireplace and astonishingly open in design, with none of the Victorian hierarchy of divided spaces evident. Wright continued designing houses in Oak Park on the side, and this conflict of interest led to Sullivan firing him in 1893.6 Never one to stop working, Wright simply opened his own office and specialized in domestic architecture. By 1902 he designed his first Prairie house, a style defined by horizontal orientation, rows of small windows, low-pitched roofs featuring overhanging eaves and an open interior plan with a central fireplace.7 With its definitive wood and stucco exterior, it also works in conjunction with the suburban setting. Its cruciform plan is designed so that the movement from one wing to the next is diagonal, and these 45 degree angles are featured in other parts of the house.8 This epoch construction, completely distinct from Sullivan's verticality, would not have been possible had he not been fired. Decades of both personal and professional trouble followed, but Wright weathered the strenuous difficulties and re-emerged in the 1950's. His most famous project from this final stage is undoubtedly the Wright, Frank Lloyd, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum of 1956-1959. Completed after his death and considered Wright's "great swansong",9 it is an exercise in pushing concrete to the limits of plasticity. After entering the inverted swirl, visitors move to the top via elevators and proceed "downward at a leisurely pace on the gentle slope of a continuous ramp".10 This final monument vividly illustrates how far Wright progressed from the early stages of his career. However, the first Wright building to feature an internal spiral ramp was the V. C. Morris Gift Shop of 1949, designed concurrently to the Guggenheim project.11 Inside are display cases and shelves that follow